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Background:
more socially conservative ~ stronger homophobia
(Barnett, Öz, & Marsden, 2018).
Significance: 14 countries in the world where it is legal for you to be killed
for having sex with someone of the same gender.
Of these, 7 countries have recently executed people for homosexuality.
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Barnett et al. (2018, p. figure 2)
CAPTION : ‘MultiplemediationmodelforStudy1:politicalideology(social;IV),bindingandindividualizingfoundations(mediators),homophobia(DV)’
How was homophobia measured?
‘We used nine items from the Modern Homophobia Scale (Raja & Stokes, 1998) to assess modern homophobia. Five items were directed toward gay men (e.g.,‘Movies that approve of male homo- sexuality bother me’’), and four items were directed toward lesbians (e.g.,‘‘Lesbians should undergo therapy to change their sexual orien- tations’’).’
(Barnett et al., 2018, p. 1185)
Start with homosexuality
(Barnett et al., 2018), (Lai, Haidt, & Nosek, 2014), (Koleva, Graham, Iyer, Ditto, & Haidt, 2012).
‘in the current research sanctity emerged as the strongest predicting
foundation for attitudes toward homosexuality (including ATL and ATG), which is
consistent with Koleva et al.’s (2012) results, where sanctity was seen to be
the strongest predicting foundation for same-sex relationships’
(Lai et al., 2014).
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We have known about the effects of burning fossil fuels on temperature
since the 1896.
(The image is Svante Arrhenius from Crawford (1997).)
I think it is fair to say that not much action has been taken since then.
Progress on mitigating the effects of burning fossil contrasts with other
areas where there has been great progress.
For example, humans were on track to destory the ozone layer, but rapidly changed course
and successfully avoided much damage to our habitats (McKenzie et al., 2019).
There's a nice contrast with knowledge of the link between microbes
and disease. Agostino Bassi demonstrates that a microbe (specifically,
a fungal parasite) causes a disease in silkworms in 1835.
As you know, this rapidly led to enormous advances in medicine.
Humans’ relation to microbes has fundamentally shifted to their
advantage due to huge investment on their part; by contrast, humans
have mostly not invested in improving their relationship to the climate.
(The key exception is the ozone layer: it is possible.)
Comparison is not entirely fair because disease was recognized
as a threat, whereas climate change was not.
(In his 1908 book Worlds in the Making, Arrhenius suggested that a warmer world might be beneficial, providing a better climate for agriculture and shielding future generations from a new Ice Age.)
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fact to be explained
lib–con divide in support for action on climate change
(McCright et al., 2016)
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fact to be explained
lib–con divide in support for action on climate change
(McCright et al., 2016)
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fact to be explained
lib–con divide in support for action on climate change
(McCright et al., 2016)